Interesting. Honestly, Mature is a little much. While Mother 3 certainly has some dark content, I don't feel mature is exactly right for it. I'd honestly say Teen at the most. I don't feel the ideas and messages it's trying to send are too mature; they're pretty simple to understand. And the graphics aren't chilling enough to raise the rating, along with the writing.
Honestly, I don't feel like this game it too Anti-American and Pro-Japan. While New Pork City is named after New York, it's too much of a generalized urban area to just say it's making fun of America, considering there's also large urban areas in Japan too. There are also a lot of rural, unindustrialized areas in the US too IE. literally the entire Midwest. While I can't speak for the author, and it may be a little of what you said, I don't feel anti-america pro-japan was the message attempting to be conyeyed.
TBH, I would give this game to a child. No one younger than 8 but past that, I feel they would love the game and might actually understand it. It's a beautiful story with lovely characters and a conflict that can be viewed upon in multiple ways. And if it were translated to English and released officially in America, I would buy copies for most my good friends.
Then again I just really love Mother 3, so maybe my views of criticisms against it are a little biased. Either way, I liked reading this. It was nice.